早稲田大学のMarisa Kellam准教授より、東京大学および早稲田大学で開催される研究報告会の案内がありましたので、ご紹介します。

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The Institute of Social Science (University of Tokyo) and Waseda Institute for Political Economy (Waseda University) jointly announce the following research presentation:

"Violent Crime as a Development Challenge”

Alberto Diaz-Cayeros (Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University),
Beatriz Magaloni (Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Stanford University)

Violent crime constitutes a neglected global development challenge. The phenomenon includes many forms of violence beyond homicide, including kidnappings, disappearances, gunfights, and mafia extortion by armed criminal groups. Violence imposes serious human costs in terms of life lost, human suffering and abuse of human rights - the rights to life and security. Violent crime also hinders economic development. Although these costs affect society at large, victims and perpetrators of homicides are more likely to be among the poor residing in urban neighborhoods. Criminal violence increases social polarization, undermines social cohesion and trust in institutions, and perpetrates social exclusion. This paper draws from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) dataset to provide a global picture of the correlates of murder in the world. After we lay out the basic stylized facts of the dispersion of murder in the world, we proceed to review the existing literature to explain some of these patterns. A particularly noteworthy phenomenon is that Latin America is by far the most violent region of the world, both in terms of sheer numbers of people who die violently and in terms of its homicide rates. Drawing from the existing literature and the correlates of murders we discuss some hypotheses about how income inequality, urbanization, social cohesion, institutional fragility, and the population’s age distribution may increase a country’s risk. We provide some mechanisms for the dynamics of violence. drawing from the cases of Mexico and Brazil. We do not claim to offer causal identification but some of these correlations, particularly regarding inequality, are so striking that they cannot be ignored. We also highlight other key variables, including the availability of guns and a country’s geographic position and comparative advantage in the production and trafficking of drug crops, which increase a country’s risk.

The research presentation will be given on the following dates/locations:

University of Tokyo
Date: November 22, 2017 (Wednesday), 17:30 — 19:00
Location: Room 549, Akamon General Research Building, Hongo Campus, University of Tokyo http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/campusmap/cam01_08_02_j.html
Contact: For further information, contact Kenneth McElwain (mcelwain@iss.u-tokyo.ac.jp)

Waseda University
Date: November 23, 2017 (Thursday), 14:45 — 16:15
Location: Conference Room 1, 10th Floor, Building 3, Waseda Campus, Waseda University https://www.waseda.jp/top/en/access/waseda-campus
Contact: For further information, contact Yuriko Takahashi (ytakahashi@waseda.jp) or Marisa Kellam (kellam@waseda.jp)